Effects of practice on task architecture: combined evidence from interference experiments and random-walk models of decision making.

نویسندگان

  • Juan E Kamienkowski
  • Harold Pashler
  • Stanislas Dehaene
  • Mariano Sigman
چکیده

Does extensive practice reduce or eliminate central interference in dual-task processing? We explored the reorganization of task architecture with practice by combining interference analysis (delays in dual-task experiment) and random-walk models of decision making (measuring the decision and non-decision contributions to RT). The main delay observed in the Psychologically Refractory Period at short stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) values was largely unaffected by training. However, the range of SOAs over which this interference regime held diminished with learning. This was consistent with an overall shift observed in single-task performance from a highly variable decision time to a reliable (non-decision time) contribution to response time. Executive components involved in coordinating dual-task performance decreased (and became more stable) after extensive practice. The results suggest that extensive practice reduces the duration of central decision stages, but that the qualitative property of central seriality remains a structural invariant.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Interference effects of choice on confidence: Quantum characteristics of evidence accumulation.

Decision-making relies on a process of evidence accumulation which generates support for possible hypotheses. Models of this process derived from classical stochastic theories assume that information accumulates by moving across definite levels of evidence, carving out a single trajectory across these levels over time. In contrast, quantum decision models assume that evidence develops over time...

متن کامل

System Factors Influencing the Australian Nurses' Evidence-based Clinical Decision Making: A Systematic Review of Recent Studies

Background: There is growing attention to evidence-based practice in Australian clinical contexts and nursing literature. Recent research explores the dimensions of evidence-based practice; however, the implementation of evidence-based clinical decision making has been identified as a cumbersome process. Aim: This study aimed to review the literature syst...

متن کامل

A Fuzzy Random Walk Technique to Forecasting Volatility of Iran Stock Exchange Index

Study of volatility has been considered by the academics and decision makers dur-ing two last decades. First since the volatility has been a risk criterion it has been used by many decision makers and activists in capital market. Over the years it has been of more importance because of the effect of volatility on economy and capital markets stability for stocks, bonds, and foreign exchange mark...

متن کامل

The Effect of a Combined Practice Course of Mental and Physical Practice with Systematic Increase in Contextual Interference on Learning a Kata Skill

Background. Although some research showed the benefits of a systematic increase in contextual interference (CI), it is not completely proved in young children and novices. Objectives. On the other hand, considering the recommendation of researchers about the advantages and the use of the mental practice, the aim of the present study was to combine mental practice with CI to improve motor perfo...

متن کامل

The Effect of Contextual Interference on Acquisition and Learning Badminton Skills among Children aged from 10 to 12

Age may limit the effect of contextual interference, but the accurate effect of age on contextual interference is not completely identified. Therefore, the purpose of the study was the effect of contextual interference practice orders on acquisition and learning of badminton skills of 45 female students aged from 10 to 12. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of bloc...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Cognition

دوره 119 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011